Interview with Mustafa Kemal, the Hero of Anafartalar

Ruşen Eşref (Unaydın)

Entrance

Ruşen Eşref Bey ran into Doctor Râsim Ferid Bey at Selim Sırrı (Tarcan) Bey's apartment in Nişantaşı. Râsim Ferid invites Ruşen Eşref to a reed banquet, which he organized in his own house the next evening, in which Mustafa Kemal Pasha will also attend. On the evening of March 15, 1918, Dr. Ruşen Eşref Bey, who was introduced to Mustafa Kemal Pasha by Râsim Ferid, takes him to Mustafa Kemal Pasha's house in Beşiktaş - Akaretler Number 76 on Sunday, March 24, 1918, and the Interview with Anafartalar Commander Mustafa Kemal, which started that day, It ends on Thursday, March 28, 1918.

Phase One

No sir, I think, what can I tell you! Because, look, all these piles of documents always contain the memories of those days.

"Here's a cigarette... We'll do something."

I bought one of the Baframaden cigarettes in the big box. Pasha turned the bell on a small table once or twice. Immediately in front of the door, a stylish soldier banged his spurs on each other and told that he was obeying the command of the commander.

- My child, take us two coffees and look at the fire in the stove.

Addressing us a little later:

- If we tamper with these notebooks, we will not be able to get out of them. If you want, we can make a docket with you, that's the only way!

In fact, there were so many notebooks among them that one might think oneself immersed in a document cellar to write the history of Çanakkale letters.

I said:

- His Highness Pasha! Undoubtedly, the Dardanelles War has brought into being an unforgettable stage of heroism in our history by showing the sacrifice of the children of this country and the fact that they were thrown to their deaths as if they were running for happiness in order not to give their homeland to the foreigners. These days of heroism have added two or three pages to our favor in the history of the world, so as not to be erased any more. Even Sir Hamilton, I read in his report translated into Turkish, records the sublimity in our courage, our sacrifice, to their detriment. All the French magazines and newspapers wrote the memoirs and articles of the officers, commanders, writers and journalists who fought in Çanakkale. However, we haven't done anything yet. The last valuable attempt of Yeni Mecmua gave me the opportunity to talk to those who had seen those places of war. In this regard, I could not neglect the ali of the natural person. You participated in every day of those battles with great activity. You know the situation completely... Who knows how many memories you have. If you will excuse me, I have come today to listen to them from your personal selves.

Pasha regarded these words with a serious smile.

Mustafa Kemal Pasha's face resembled the subject of a Rambrand-like painting in this very shaded room, even the sofas and armchairs were darkened under carpets, picks and rugs, even up to the bay windows and windowsills. I don't remember seeing such a vast meaning in a young face: steadfastness, submission, humility, dignity, gentleness, awe, chastity, intelligence between waves of lights and shadows...

Leaving the ninety-nine najaf rosary he was drawing on his table, he said:

"Then we'll start right away," he said.

And in some places, some on the office, some in the dark cupboard with ice glass in the corner, some on the dark tile stove in front of a huge machine gun that was captured by the British, the extract of the Canakkale legend filtered from the notebooks, manuscripts and tabyizs, three days from this patient and cautious commander, and every interview. I listened for three days, provided it lasted no less than twelve hours.

Before he started he said:

- Of course, I will not tell you about the points that contact the military. They neither interest you nor provide any benefit to the readers. These are for men of art, history will tell about them all.

- Of course, Pasha. My purpose is to learn the events of those days from your personal master. I do not understand the points that touch the military. Thereupon, Pasha began to explain.

First of all, the Sofia embassy was called here from the attaché-military position, and he was assigned to the 19th division in Tekirdağ, and with this force, he was assigned to guard the coast between Eçe port, Seddülbahir and Morto port. In fact, he knew this land well since the Balkan war.

He said:

- In my opinion, if the enemy attempted to export, he would have attempted from two points:

One is around Seddülbahir and the other is around Kabatepe... And from my point of view, it was possible to defend these coastal areas directly without bringing the enemy ashore. Therefore, I placed my regiments in such a way as to defend from the coast. This situation is about February 1330...

Mustafa Kemal Pasha summarized the important events that took place during his command of the Maydos region as follows: The enemy has once attempted to land soldiers in Seddülbahir and Kumkale. Then, a Mehmet Sergeant, whom we hear and read all the time, comes out and throws the enemy who sets foot on our land back into the sea.

- Why did the enemy try to land troops?

- This move can be considered a discovery. There is also the well-known March 5th.

- Which is what really concerns us, His Excellency Pasha.

- But this is a purely speculative move. The coast guard was under the command of His Holiness Cevat Pasha. That's why I'm related to this move. Only on the morning of March 5, His Excellency Cevat Pasha came to my headquarters in Maydos. We went to Kirte together to show him the equipment in the Seddülbahir coastal area. When we got there, we came under the fire opened by the enemy fleet in the direction of Kirte and Alçıtepe.

- What did you do then, sir?

- On top of that, we...

- Estagfurullah...

- I gave the necessary instruction to the officer 26th incident commander for the protection of the aforementioned area, verbally. And we returned to Maydos to be on duty with Cevat Pasha. It was my responsibility to protect the land zone in the navy of this March 5 battle, which resulted in the defeat of the enemy. Nothing worth mentioning took place that day, other than the fact that the enemy had set the coast under fire with some of their ships. The soldiers, officers and commanders in our coastal batteries that day used their cannons to the end with a truly commendable sacrifice, with the utmost courage and trust, and performed their duties. Imagine that among many collapses, explosions, fires, casualties, in the face of constant fire, under belligerent ends, they did their duty without any trembling.

After this event, which ended with the defeat of the enemy, Mustafa Kemal Pasha judges that the British and the French gave up hope of achieving a purpose by forcing the strait only with their navy, and he suspects that they will definitely attempt to land a man on the shore again. For this reason, he orders the continents in his entourage to be "vigilant". It makes official applications to the places where it is necessary to increase its power. It increases its strength. And another person named Halil Sami Bey is appointed as the commander of that district! Mustafa Kemal Bey, who was in the rank of district governor at that time, was also abandoned "in general" in order to take action to the vicinity of Gallipoli, if necessary, and to Anatolia if necessary, with the division he commanded. Only that Miralay brain division is allocated to the protection of the Rumeli coast zone.

At this time, that is, in March, a regiment of Mustafa Kemal Bey's faction is being transferred to Çanakkale; but it is returned. Mustafa Kemal considers it convenient to have his entire party around Bigalıköy. As the general reserve of the fifth army, the party is settling in its camps with the mansions around Bigalıköy and Maltepe, Mersintepe, in its southeastern part. The commander is in a state of embarrassment to move to Bolayır on his orders and to cross to Çanakkale by ferry. Emre is engaged in training and discipline in all his continents.

- It was one of those days, on the morning of April twelve, when it was understood from the sound of the ship's guns that an incident was taking place in Arıburnu.

The readiness level of the entire squadron for the action was embellished. On the one hand, I was considering information from the Maydos district commander, and on the other hand, either to the command of the corps or the army... I gave the order to the cavalry division of the platoon alone - for the production of information - to move to Kocaçimen.

It was at this time that Esat Pasha, the Commander of the Third Corps, was contacted by phone from Gallipoli. Müsharunileyh also reported that he had not yet been able to obtain clear information about the current situation. It was half past six in the morning, with a report from Halil Sami Bey, it was understood that the enemy had landed on the ridge of Arıburnu, and against this, a battalion was requested from me to be dispatched against the aforementioned enemy. As I have always thought implicitly, the enemy's attempt to land around Kabaktepe with significant force, which is my opinion as a result of both this report and the special observations I made in Maltepe, was taking place. Therefore, I appreciated that it would not be possible to get out of this business with a battalion, and as I had guessed before, it was an irresistible complicity to hurt the enemy with my whole party.

Looking through the cigarette smoke on his lips, at the pages of his notebook, on which he was constantly turning the leaves, he said:

“I made a note of a six-point order,” he said. This order would also be communicated to the retinue leech commander. In addition, I had a report written to the third corps commander to be submitted by phone. I explained my situation and my situation and my attempt.

I am faced with the dread of being put in danger with all his troops by a young commander who has made unforgettable services to the country in the Dardanelles War, where a great movement is developing, on the face of the commander, who at this moment calmly turns over his papers and carefully selects the notes he can give me. and it was so clearly felt in his words... I was excited to hear that we were heading towards a struggle that would determine Turkey's destiny.

- After that, the 57th regiment, which had its continents gathered as a muhayya for the march, - this is a famous regiment, because they were all martyred - I went to the meeting place with their commanders, a clerk and an aide and an adjutant. With a simple arrangement, I personally marched the procession on the road along Bigalideresi and favored Kocaçimen Hill.

While I was on the road, I was giving verbal explanations to their commanders and elder brothers. Apart from the fact that there was no specific way to transfer us to Kocaçimen from the stream we followed, the field we had to jump to reach Kocaçimen was also financial with many heathland, sa'bülmürur and rocky streams. I appointed the commander of the artillery battalion to find a way to signal the continent to dispatch.

- What are you going with, your personal master, sir?

- I? Jump!... These commanders are on their horses, of course... We are all going at the head of the continent. They are on foot.

This one has disappeared. After that, I made the battery commander officer. This took its head and went up to Kocaçimen Hill, and its indication could not be used.

- I mean, it's difficult. The troubles of the war before the bullets and the cannonballs?

- Yes. Kocaçimentepesi was agreed upon by personally finding the way and without dispatching the detachment from there. Now imagine Kocaçimentepesi: Kocaçimen is the highest peak of şibihcezire. However, Arıburnu point is not visible from here because it is in the zawiya mayite. Now look at this map.

We looked at one of the maps found in Sir Hamilton's report. He couldn't explain this situation very well. Pasha rang the bell again. Two minutes later, a click of a spur by the door... The soldier considered the order to take the map from the pocket of the Pasha's military jacket. He came in five minutes later. Couldn't find it. Pasha smiled and asked permission. He's gone himself.

As long as I was alone, I watched the room. There were always pictures of soldiers on the wall, the memories of the Balkan war, the Tripoli war, the Movement Army march, and the school war student. Under the shawl, which was opened in the shape of a butterfly, the Pasha had an enlargement with a heart-shaped and stern look, reminiscent of the young Kazakh officers. On his office, next to a Circassian wedge, stood Balzac's Colonel Şaber (Colonel Chabert), Mopasan (Maupassant)'s Bul d d Suif (Boule de suif) and Lavedan's Servir. There is no doubt that the pasha fills the emptiness of his quiet moments with literature.

Because this person, who spent three or four sleepless nights in thick coats and rough boots on the battlefield, used to waltz very skillfully in the halls; Those who know him remember Mustafa Kemal Pasha not only as an indomitable commander, but also as a kind, well-mannered and intelligent companion who is sought after in the halls with great taste.

A photograph of him hanging next to a large mirror caught my attention. I was looking at him: Mustafa Kemal Pasha, disguised as a Janissary. Just then, he came in, maps in hand. And he smiled when he saw me looking at him.

With his deep and determined voice:

“Yes, a memento of a balaclava in Sofia,” he said.

Again, we went to the head of the shawl-covered table. And we went to the battle of April 12. Pasha:

"So, unfortunately," he began, you see, I saw nothing there but ships and battleships at sea. I realized that the enemy's landed infantry was still far from there. Efrat was tired of even crossing that difficult land with tawakkuf, and his hope for walking deepened. I told the regiment and battery commanders to pack up the afrad completely and give them a little rest. They were going to spend ten minutes immersed in the sea, then they would follow me. Me too, there is an occasional Fool's Pass, I was going to go to Conkbayırı from that Fool's Pass. At first, we tried to walk on horseback, even though I was with my aide, amir, and the commander of the cebeltopçu battalion, which we found again there, but the terrain was not suitable. We left the animals and arrived at Conkbayırı on foot.

Now, the scene we come across here is the most interesting scene. And I think this is the most important moment of the case.

Pasha lights a cigarette again, and after turning a few more leaves, he takes his map and explains:

In the meantime, I saw that a detachment of people who were in charge of monitoring and supplying the coast from the 261-altitude hill in the south of Conkbayırı was running towards Conkbayırı and fleeing. I will read this muhavere to you exactly! Going in front of this person in person:

- Why are you running? I said.

- Sir, the enemy! they said.

- Where?

- Here, they pointed to the 261-altitude hill.

In fact, a fighter line of the enemy approached the 261-altitude hill and was advancing with complete freedom. Now consider the situation: I left my forces so that the people can rest for ten minutes... The enemy has also come to this hill... So the enemy is closer to me than my soldiers! And if the enemy had come to where I am, my forces would be in a very bad position. Then I don't know that anymore, I don't know if it's a logical reasoning or a natural referral.

On the runaway:

I said, "You can't escape from the enemy."

- We're out of ammo, they said.

"If you don't have ammo, you have bayonets," I said.

And shouting, I put bayonets on them. I laid it on the ground. At the same time, I attacked the commanding officer next to me so that the infantry regiment advancing towards Conkbayırı and the people who could catch up with the cebel battery could come to my place with the "march march". When this person put on a bayonet and lay down, the enemy members also fell on the ground. This is the moment we win.

It was shuddering to hear, with an uplifted expression, that a whole battle depends on a small coincidence, that even the life of a country can be endangered by a misused moment, and that a well-used moment, like here, will heal the fate of a battle and a homeland!

Mustafa Kemal Pasha said:

- The division at the head of the arm has arrived. I ordered this division to reinforce the division without ammunition and open fire. I ordered Captain Ata Efendi, the 2nd Commander of the 57th Battalion of the regiment, who came to me, to reinforce this company with all his battalions and attack the enemy over the 261-altitude hill. I had the Cebel battery take a position in Suyatagi and fire on the enemy infantry. Another battalion, which was a little late as it deviated into the stream, joined the attack by opening over its commander. After that, I ordered the regiment commander to attack the enemy with his entire regiment in the directions I favored.

- Your personal scholar, where were you at that time?

- I was with the battery.

- At what time did our first regiment start the attack?

- The 57th regiment's attack... let me tell you... (he looked at his notebook) it was around ten o'clock in the morning. At that time, Mehmet Salih Efendi, one of the cavalry officers of the 9th division, came to me. And he informed that the 27th regiment had started a battle with the enemy on Kemalyeri from the ridges in the west of Kocadere. With that officer, I told the aforementioned regimental commander that I was attacking the enemy's left flank, that the 27th regiment would attack the enemy in front of him, that I would summon the 19th division division, still in the vicinity of Bigali, to the direction of Kocadere, the cavalry master Salih Efendi, who gave this order to him. I ordered and informed him that he should always keep in touch with me, and that I would conduct the battle from Conkbayırı. Bigali' I sent an order with the order horseman to the warlord-war of the division in the city. I said:

Izzettin Bey (Deceased Gn. Izzettin Calislar): Regiment 72 should not be attached to Maltepe. Let the medical division come to Kocadere (all of them). Let Regiment 77 Kocadere adore your song. And give this report to the commander of the third corps.

- If you don't see any military drawbacks, can I copy that report? Because it would have been a lively and valuable war history document written with violence and excitement right when those amazing events were taking place on the battlefield.

- Hey, I can give you this, write it down.

Ridges north of Ariburnu to the Third Corps Command.

              hour minute

12 April 10 24 ago

The enemy's infantry, which had landed, occupied the ridges on a front of one and a half kilometers between Arıburna and Kabatepe. The 27th regiment is occupying the enemy at a distance of eight hundred meters on the eastern front. I started the attack from a distance of six hundred meters, completely on the left flank of the enemy. I'm guessing an enemy regiment consisting of only infantry. The battle continues. After an hour of firefight, it was seen that the enemy's troops, which had advanced up to the 261-altitude hill, started to retreat.

That's as much of the report as I can give you. Let's continue our story again, shall we? The 57th regiment was following my order vigorously, and there was no news from the 27th regiment's commander whether my order was taken or not. However, as a result of both myself and the officers next to me that I sent forward for monitoring, I understood from our side that this regiment was also attacking and advancing.

- His Excellency Pasha, what are the factors that compelled the enemy, who attacked so fiercely, to retreat so quickly?

- Yes, you have the right to ask this question. I am present: Now, after half past eleven, I think the situation was as follows:

The enemy's landed force was more than eight battalions. Now this force of eight battalions was able to advance up to "261" on an unsuitable, wide front, northward and eastward up to the western slopes of the ridges where Kemalyeri was located. However, this long front line was cut by a number of obstacles, so the enemy was weak at almost every point of his front. Since the serial cebel battery of the 19th division, which took a position in the north of Conkbayırı, took the Arıburnu export point under fire, the export of the continents, which the enemy was still exporting, was both difficult and unfortunate. The 27th Regiment, consisting of two battalions, was loaded on the left flank of the enemy, which is very delicate and important, in the direction of "261" from the Conkbayırı and Suyatağı lines of the 57th regiment.

But I think there is one factor that is more important than this state of subordination, which is that everyone was thrown at the enemy to kill and die.

This is not an ordinary attack, it is an attack where everyone is ready to act with the determination to succeed or die. I even added the following to the orders I gave verbally to the commanders:

- I am not ordering you to attack, I am ordering you to die. During the time that will pass until we die, other forces and commanders may take our place.

These words came out of the Pasha's chest with such determination that the commander was definitely reliving that day in his dreams. As I heard these, I believed that no matter how far the combat vehicles advanced, the determination of the soul and self-sacrifice for a cause was at the top of everything.

- Now that's it, sir? But there was still time until evening. It was at this time that an officer who brought news from the 9th division commander was reporting that the enemy had started to export forces to Kumtepe and that we had no forces there, that the 19th division should be taken into account, and the 9th division commander was going to Kirte with his full forces.

Kumtepe is the closest and most effective point to Kili Dülbahir. Tolerating this place can destroy all purposes. Consequently, what immediately came to my mind was to continue the offensive of the forces participating in the battle at Arıburnu and to catch up with Kumtepe itself with the whole of the division. Necessary orders were given for this. But since I personally preferred to be in touch with the whole group of the sect, I acted immediately.

The remote moves immediately. And in Kocadere, it is in contact with the 77th regiment, and after that with the pearl regiment. As he approaches Maltepe around one o'clock in the afternoon, he hears some voices calling his name. Approaching where the voices came from. He sees that the corps commander Esat Pasha and his entourage cadets... Mustafa Kemal is reading the last report that has come to the rescue. And he sees that this report also belonged to him, and the officer who had just arrived and informed that the enemy had come to Kumtepe gave the meaning of this report. However, according to the tahrir report he read, it is not true that the enemy landed in Kumtepe.

- Look, the addition of a sentence "Soldier has landed in Kumtepe" in the verbal notification of this report can change all the investigation decisions.

Mustafa Kemal Bey also states that he will continue to attack the enemy in Arıburnu with all his strength. The corps commander accepts the pasha, and Mustafa Kemal Bey immediately leaves his side and comes to the battlefield. The 77th regiment is attacking from the left of the 27th regiment against the enemy's right flank. He places his provisions, the field battery, where necessary. He himself goes to the right flank and conducts the battle from there.

Ours had advanced so much that the enemy continued to retreat, even partially engaged in boating. But it's evening. The leper commanders, who had been sent to attack with various orders until the coming of the night, continued their defenses, until the enemy was completely defeated, upon the insistence of the division commander, and although they made very successful attacks, they could not drive the enemy completely. As the night progressed, the battle was interrupted. At this moment of sudden calm, the enemy started to land troops again.

Pasha:

- So, he said, on the night of 12/13, I can't get any accurate information about the situation from any side. Due to the darkness of the night, I lose my sight of the view. And in order to understand the situation with its surroundings, I personally walk around the front until the morning, and from there I come to Kocadere, where I ordered a telephone center to be built. According to the new situation that I am aware of there, I take the reserve forces on the right flank and bring them closer to the center and left flank. I myself lead the battle from the center, which later took the title of Kemalyeri.

Listening to a lonely day of battle filled one's heart with excitement, enthusiasm, and thousands of unexpected difficulties that erupted at every step. I asked:

- Is this the case of Arıburnu only?

Pasha, an experienced man who had discovered those scenes of struggle, those scenes that smelled of blood and gunpowder, that terrified my soul, smiled cautiously:

- What, are you tired? This is just the beginning of the case. I commanded "Arıburnu forces" for 23 days in Arıburnu from the day including April 12 to May 4, and after that I only commanded the 19th division on the right flank of the whole front. During this period, many cases took place in the war. We can only point out the most important days.

And he held out the pack of cigarettes in front of him. Both of our ashtrays were full. Pasha rang the bell. To the rattle of spurs behind us:

"Boy, make us two more coffees, and then don't let the fire in that stove go out," he said.

- Your Excellency, Pasha.

And we started working again:

On April 13, the enemy is reinforcing its first line with the forces that it has been exporting since the night, and firstly, it starts an attack on our continent, which is located in the center, on the left flank. However, our troops are suffering from defeat in order to keep a distance, on condition that they protect themselves from the bayonet attack of the weak enemy force. This is how it is won on April 13 without being defeated.

Pasha said:

- This is the most important sacrifice and heroism of our soldiers - because I remember the days when the Turks showed more self-sacrifice than this - it is an important day that was probably won thanks to the perseverance and steadfastness of our officers and commanders. I can say that my most honorable position was on April 13. Because my force, which stood against five British brigades, consisted of the 57th regiment, which was damaged by the brutal attacks and attacks yesterday, that is, on 12 April, the 27th and 77th regiments with two battalions, and the 72nd regiment, which benefited badly. Indeed, it was this force that laid the foundation for the success of the Arıburnu front with 12 human battles, crushed the determination of the British in this front and destroyed their plan. On April 14, it was understood that two more regiments would enter the throne under my command.

I spent the night of 13/14 April in Kocadere village. I made my final decision near fajr. The enemy at that time had taken the village of Kocadere from the direction of Kabatepe with its navy under fire. The necessary attack order was written under this fire. This order was sent to Emiratis and leper commanders. Then I personally went to Kemalyeri.

Between seven and eight o'clock the attack began on the left flank and the front. It was after that, I was seeing the offensive movements of our continents on the right flank. The offensive continued successfully on the whole front. The enemy had begun retreating in the guise of desertion at Kanlisrt. He started a retreat at Redback. After 10 o'clock, our right flank began to pressurize the enemy, forcing him to retreat. And he was followed. It was around the time of zawal that the remnants of the enemy's parts that had retreated in Kanlısırt left their rifles at the last hunting trench they had retreated to in Redback, and immediately went out in front of their trenches with their staff and wanted to surrender by waving a hat, a white handkerchief and a flag! I and my entire entourage were watching all these sights from Kemalyeri without binoculars.

In this interval, I understood from the reports I received from the war trooper Izzettin Bey and from my own observations that the enemy had no activity on the ridges of Arıburnu. In front of our right flank, the enemy members took refuge on the coast.

Only the enemies, who were far from the retreat point, did not withdraw due to their position in Kanlısırt and Kırmızıridge, and the parts of which remained in Merkeztepe advanced to Kömürkapıderesi and Bombasırtları on our right flank, especially because of the dominant position they took in Yüksekridge, they inevitably showed persistence.

The real persistence of the enemy was seen in the west of High Ridge and in Haintepe. Finally, when the night came and it was understood that the continent was extremely tired, the success was achieved. The battle was withheld, they were ordered to fortify on the lines held and won.

The situation seen on April 15 is as follows:

Opposite our right flank, the enemy was clinging to the slopes in the Kömürkapıderesi, on the side of Yüksekridge, on the right flank. Its line was occupied again and again by the enemy, and on the other hand, our continents held positions to the east and opposite of the aforementioned line. The enemy continued to export during the day. The enemy forces landed were moved forward and the front lines were reinforced, and as the lines were reinforced, they were operating at some points of the front in order to correct their general condition. During these activities, the enemy has been pressuring our left flank from the Lone Pine point since morning. This attack has been withheld. On that day, in addition to the enemy's nine transports who had landed, eight more transports were seen to be approaching and growing from the horizon towards the shores. Our first line was two or three hundred meters across from the enemy. In this way, instead of waiting in the face of the increasingly opposing enemy, Mustafa Kemal Bey exposed the mafevk commanders to summon up enough force to win the final result. When he received the forces he wanted, it became difficult to have permanent relations with various commanders as his front expanded. For this reason, he divided his front into various district commanders. In this way, instead of waiting in the face of the increasingly opposing enemy, Mustafa Kemal Bey exposed the mafevk commanders to summon up enough force to win the final result. When he received the forces he wanted, it became difficult to have permanent relations with various commanders as his front expanded. For this reason, he divided his front into various district commanders. In this way, instead of waiting in the face of the increasingly opposing enemy, Mustafa Kemal Bey exposed the mafevk commanders to summon up enough force to win the final result. When he received the forces he wanted, it became difficult to have permanent relations with various commanders as his front expanded. For this reason, he divided his front into various district commanders.

16 April:

Although the enemy attempted to attack our right flank, it was stopped.

April 17:

The enemy attacked our trenches on our right flank. However, the counterattacks of our continents were repulsed by bayonet attacks: However, Mustafa Kemal Bey, who saw that the enemy, who was completely settled, would attempt an important attack again, decided to hit the enemy before the enemy with fresh forces. At that time, he summoned the district commanders to Kemalyeri and gave verbal instructions.

I asked the commander to give us some parts of the words he said against his entourage that day, and I received the following: Because before giving the order to attack, Mustafa Kemal Bey expects very strong results from addressing the spirits. For him he says:

"It has been understood that the enemy has been pulling out the parts that can be sheltered because of not being able to follow until the end due to the benefit of the land, and that the forces of the enemy, which we have destroyed so far, are more than two factions. In Seddülbahir, the situation was almost the same in the direction of Kumkale.

I am of the conscience of the opinion that it is necessary to throw the enemy in front of us into the sea by dying, up to one. Our position is not weak compared to the enemy. The strength of the enemy is completely destroyed. He is constantly looking for a shelter for himself by making a trench. You saw with your own eyes that he escaped immediately, with a few bullets falling around his trenches.

There is no need for further contemplation in order not to miss the enemy completely.

I absolutely do not accept that there will be those among us and the soldiers we command who would not prefer to die here than to see a second phase of the Balkan hegemony. If you feel that they are, let's shoot them immediately with our own hands.

To complete the success we have achieved so far, the fresh line of forces given to my command is ready for war."

And he gives the necessary orders about the attack to the commanders, whose souls are filled with this address, and presents his equipment to the corps commander. He also approves of the decision there.

Thereupon, the April 18 attack takes place, and the situation that emerged as a result of it, according to the Pasha, is "a situation that is not incompatible with any of the movements after that day".

It is as follows: "After five o'clock on the one hand, our artillery opened fire and on the other hand, the newly arrived 14th regiment started to advance towards Neck and Merkeztepe, and the artillery and infantry battle began on the whole front." The enemy had only one battery on land. Since the distance between our troops and the enemy lines was very small, the enemy batteries could not have any effect on our infantry.

Only the warships of the enemy, especially in the direction of Kabatepe, did not have a moment to keep the rest of our battle lines under heavy and continuous fire.

I asked the pasha from where he led this battle:

“I am conducting this battle from Kemalyeri,” he said.

Because from that place, it was possible to observe all the enemy positions, with the exception of some parts on the right flank, and then the movements of almost all our continents.

The Pasha said: "In the face of the enemy's heavy infantry and machine gun fires, the 14th regiment's attack was advancing with battering. Our artillery, consisting only of cebel, was working very hard to protect the advance of our infantry by aiming at the enemy trenches. The attacks of our left flank forces were also visible. At 6.45 am, part of the 125th regiment, which was behind the 14th regiment, was followed by the 14th regiment in the direction of Merkeztepe. I ordered our left flank forces to attack more seriously and our right flank forces to attack the 14th regiment, but at 10.30 am. I saw that we were not very effective against the enemy in the phase that continued until the previous day."

Thereupon, it was necessary to intervene in many details in the assembly. During the time elapsed between the arrival of the orders at this stage to the commands and the arrival of the reinforcements sent from the rear to the battle front, a stagnation occurred in our attacks, and some of the commanders were asking for the arrest of the attack, or at least to move it into the night. However, since Mustafa Kemal Bey knows that the enemy is in the face of a great pressure, he definitely decides to attack.

- How could you appreciate the presence of this pressure, sir.

- The place where I was once was very convenient. I could see the whole situation better than the complete leprosy commanders. Then I could get information from various sources. For example, a radio telegram of the enemy commander in the style of "call help here" was received by our radio telegram, whose location was fortified. They reported this to me. Therefore, it was necessary to continue the offensive started. It was obvious that it was necessary to bring our attack to a definite result before the help of the enemy arrived. Then it was a very patriotic duty to throw the enemy off our shores as soon as possible.

I reported my purpose to the leper commanders. There was no other way to be trusted other than the bayonets of our soldiers for the implementation of this purpose. All the forces in my possession were in a forward-looking state. I ordered a fierce attack from behind with trumpets and trumpets so that they could enter the enemy positions with an offensive state. It was after 4 o'clock. On the general front, the forward movement was revived. In particular, the central group began to advance with the state. In fact, all our continents were admiringly advancing.

In the mouth of my interlocutor, who spoke very calmly, the phrase "appreciate the best" had an important meaning. This composition meant a scene of indescribable sacrifices and unimaginable heroism in my opinion.

- What happened next, sir?

Many people managed to penetrate into the enemy trenches in some places. But our main reconnaissance lines stopped within twenty to thirty or even eight to ten meters of enemy trenches.

It was a pity that the battle was still not over at this distance as our military service. Because, according to the old theory, it is necessary to have determined the result of the battle at a distance that is many times beyond this distance. However, the perseverance and persistence of the enemy, the fact that our heroic soldier was not afraid of death, preserves the opportunity to see bloody battle phases for months, even after such a close encounter.

This battle came to a close at four o'clock, and the attack came to a halt. But the battle continued with all its violence. I was convinced that the final outcome would be won, provided that the offensive was attacked with seriousness and vigor, and this attack was followed closely with reserve and retaining forces. And I was wrong in this opinion. Especially after getting so close to the enemy, it would be very possible to take advantage of the cruelty of the night and be thrown into the enemy's trenches. Some equipment was engaged until midnight. Then one night I ordered an attack. However, according to the situation that took place until the morning, it was understood that it was not possible to enter the primary level of the enemy.

The battle, which had been going on for twenty-four hours, had caused a lot of fatigue to the soldiers. With an order I gave for him, I stopped the attack. But there was no other way to save the homeland than to fix the line that was won and to be stuck there. Therefore, I gave the necessary order.

As a valuable war history document, I received the last words of this order from the Pasha. says:

"All the soldiers who are fighting here with me should know by all means that there is no need to go back to fully fulfill the duty of honor entrusted to us. There is no doubt that they are in agreement and will not show signs of fatigue until they have completely thrown the enemy into the sea."

Mustafa Kemal Pasha's command, which included the general Arıburnu forces, continued until May 4, 1331, and during this period, there was no major battle other than such positional counterattacks. But there are seriously heroic scenes. For example, see what Pasha told:

- We do not engage in individual heroic scenes. I can't help but tell you about the Bombastır incident. Our distance between the corresponding trenches is eight meters, that is, death is certain, for sure... Those in the first trench fall completely, none of them escaped, and the ones in the second go to their place. But do you know how precious it is with envious restraint and trust? He sees the dead, he knows that he will die in three minutes, he does not show even the slightest pride; no shaking! Those who can read are preparing to enter Paradise with the Quran in their hands. Those who do not know the word are walking by witnessing. This is an example of admiration and congratulation showing the strength of spirit in Turkish soldiers. You must be sure that it is this high spirit that won the Battle of Çanakkale.

Pasha was leaving the Arıburnu command post. But it was night. I had to leave Pasha too! I shook his hero's hand, thanking him very much and saying that I would visit him again in two days to get information about the other phases.

If I had been destined to meet with Tiryaki Hasan Pasha, the defender of Kanije, or Gazi Osman Pasha, the lion of Pilevne, would I have been more excited than today's conversation?

Second Phase

Pasha was sitting in the same room in the same civilian navy blue dress and was busy following the last German attack on the detailed map in front of him. A soldier in love with his profession explained the directions of the attack and the results he predicted with clarity and sincerity. And then:

- We were going to talk about the second phase today, weren't we, sir? said. This second stage is not the second stage of the war, but the second of the duties undertaken by the commander in that region. At this time, the Pasha could not find the authority to make comments on the general Arıburunu front. However, he gave some information about the most important incident that took place while he was at the head of the 19th division on the right flank, namely the general attack that took place on May 6. In this general attack, his party was able to enter the enemy positions opposite.

- May 7, he said (and as a sip of his coffee, after reading his papers) we can summarize that day as follows:

It was seen that the enemy had landed forces on Ariburnu. A few battalions of these forces were heading towards Çataltepe, located on the right flank of the Arıburnu front. According to the reconnaissance and observation carried out, the enemy's fortifications and troops were seen on a small 100-meter front on the ridges of the fishermen's north. As I guessed and presented to the northern group commander, the fortifications around first suffered bloody battles in a small scale. Afterwards, the Anafartalar operation constituted the mausoleum of the general public.

On the 8th, 9th and 10th of May, there were no important events on the front of our party. We signed an armistice on the 11th day. Defne was dealt with emvat.

There is nothing worth doing on May 12, 13, 14, or even on the 15th...

- Why is this recession occurring, sir?

- Because the enemy is tired. He lost a lot. Significantly broken. And according to my opinion, he is now shying away from getting the result in Arıburnu. I attribute this stillness to him. On the 16th of May, the party on my left flank, which is also ours, is making some sewers work. With their occupation, he carries out a raid attack on the enemy.

On May 17, there is a bloody battle in the place called Çataltepe Halit and Rızatepe, which we just mentioned.

- Why was that hill called Halit and Rızatepe?

Because there were two officers named Rıza Efendi and Halit Efendi, who carried out a very heroic attack, were martyred!...

After this battle, for a while, the part up to Azmak within the Anafartalar region, in addition to the front that I assumed to protect against Arıburnu, was given my responsibility. But later on, the entire Anafartalar region was directly transferred to Esat Pş. The throne of Germany's Vilmer Bey was entrusted to his command and responsibility.

Eighteen is always spent with that battle.

According to the information given on the 22nd day, the enemy was violently attacking the Kirte region in the southern group, that is, around Seddülbahir. Therefore, it was prudent to undertake a serious or demonstration-style enemy attack on our front as well. In fact, before noon that day, the entire front of the division was under heavy fire with the enemy's artillery, rifles and machine guns. The enemy attack has taken place. Although, on the general front, the enemy decentralization was successful. But at Bombastır our two trenches were captured and occupied. On May 23, we spent the trenches with restitution. Thanks to the enemy measures, and especially the 27th and 57th forces, they concentrated until the morning and made them use them against us. But thanks to the measures taken, and especially the commanders of the 27th and 57th regiments, Thanks to the heroism of his officers and people, the enemy in those trenches was completely culled. They were blown up piece by piece with the bombs. When we got the trenches, they were filled to the brim with the corpses of the enemy. It was an awesome thing. Not a single member of the British was spared.

Talat Pş., who had visited Kemalyeri during this battle. His Excellency İsmail Canbulat and Doctor Nazım Beys also have the material war memories that we aspired to the British that day. Some of them have a lead-smashed British gold, some of them have small insignia, pieces of binoculars and so on.

-Were you also in Kemalyeri that day?

-No, I was on the battlefield. We talked to them on the phone. I sent the gifts I mentioned from there.

The enemy's casualties in this small battle alone were estimated at more than 3000.

On May 24, the enemy attacked the squad front again. It even went into a small trench. But in the end it was completely destroyed. They were thrown out again, they were ruined.

Again, nothing at 26 and 27, just so at 28.

At 29, the enemy attacked the trenches we named 31, 33, 34. But he was squandered with many casualties. These trenches, which were brought to the body after the attack on April 14, adjacent to the neck point in Bombastırı, were the trenches close to the enemy from 7-8 meters to 10-12 meters on the Arıburnu front. We can say that this kurbiyet and then the events on these trenches provided their cats with a special place and a reputation in history. Enemy trenches opposite these trenches have a peculiarity in that they are built on the edge of a gorge that descends to Korkuderesi. The enemy in the aforementioned trenches was always in a timid state. Their activities and rapes against our trenches, the numbers of which are mentioned here, were almost never missing. Dropping bombs on it These trenches were almost being turned into a hell with the sewer explosion of the tahtez floor. Of course, the enemy trenches in front of us were in almost the same condition. We had planks covered over these trenches in order to criticize the destruction of the enemy's bombs.

They were throwing "spray bottles" on these planks, spreading fire in the trenches. Thick flames and smoke would never leave the top of those trenches. Of course, we were giving a lot of death there. But despite this, our sheci and renegade soldiers were enduring all these fires, sewers, and bomb explosions, they were holding their positions with admirable envy, and were responding to the enemy. There are no significant events from 30th, 31st and 1st of June to 16th of June.

However, Mustafa Kemal Pasha had a bloody battle on the right flank of his party on June 16. And from that day until the 24th of July, there were no important incidents on the faction front. Only on June 29, a part of the enemy attacked our front and was weighed down. On July 24, artillery fire began on the front of his division. This fire was previously at the usual level. However, it gradually increased its intensity in the afternoon. The enemy was using heavy artillery fire on the front of the th division and on the left flank of Mustafa Kemal Bey's division, implying that he was preparing an attack. Filhakika attacked at Kanlısırt right after. And he was successful in his attempt. The battle continued on the whole front, even at night, provided that it was very fierce. Behind the Pasha's front,

The enemy attacks the Pasha's party half an hour after midnight. And in our complete trenches, and even in the air behind us, he uses the maximum degree of his possessions: greasy rags, sewer explosions on the floor, various kinds of bombs! Land and naval artillery was constantly shaking the front of the division.

hour minute

1 10 ago, Mustafa Kemal Bey attracted the attention of his continents in this way!

"His position is very important to the general public. More than usual, I ask the commanders and officers to have an extraordinary reputation and hard work."

Then, at 3.30 am, he repeated the need for vigilance to break all the attempts of the enemy with another order.

As of 4 am on July 25, the enemy artillery was firing with maximum activity. Our trenches and wraiths were also continuing to be demolished in a significant way. At 4:45 am, the enemy squad tried to attack the front. But all his attacks were completely destroyed in a short time thanks to the fortitude of our soldiers. Our enemies suffered horrific casualties, and some of the parts that were able to enter some of our trenches were culled there in the trenches.

On the same day, towards five o'clock, the enemy made a second attack against our right flank, but this was also repelled. The enemy was carrying out his attacks in a very sinister manner. The Pasha said with a smile: It was even seen that his officers were trying to get them out of the trenches by squeezing them with sticks.

-Very good Pasha, what was the enemy's purpose in trying so hard in the direction of your party?

-By God, we cannot say that the aim of the enemy's attacks on the 19th Division front is a demonstration or to determine our forces in this direction or to prevent dispatch and employment from Ağıldere. No! In my opinion, the main aim of the enemy was to reach the Kocaçimen range, which he definitely aimed for in general, by throwing back the 19th division at the same time. The condition of the faction's front, its importance compared to the general public, and the importance it has in terms of declining the direction of "Arıburnu-Kocaçimen" can make my guess valid. The enemy did not allocate a force of less than three or four armies to the attacks he made against the division. The fact that he reformed the offensive despite the tenacious casualties he suffered in the first attack is a clear proof of the seriousness of the aim he pursued on the front of the sect. The reason for the decentralization of the enemy on the division front was due to the fact that our continents kept their fortitude and positions under a continuous bombardment of 14, 15 hours, carried out by two warships with field howitzer batteries. Do not forget the benefit of our trenches, which have been fortified and tarnished for days.

Here we will go to the beginning of an important line.

-Welcome Sir.

-As I explained to you the attacks on the faction front, though, they were countered; but a greater danger loomed for the party, for the whole Arıburnu situation.

-What was this danger?

-This danger was the enemy advancing to Conkbayırı with Şahinsırt from Ağıldere district!

This menacing move was of a nature that could break the silence of the entire Arıburnu front. Against this direction, the party has taken the necessary measures within its own authority. But with the main action, that is, from the general point of view, the command of the northern group was seriously engaged in the execution and arrangement.

In the meantime, Pasha rang the bell. He ordered coffees again to the clatter of spurs in front of the door. We lit another cigarette.

-Filhakika, he said, it was learned that important forces were consigned to the Conkbayırı front after the collapse. On the 26th of July, the enemy advanced very early on with a violence that could hardly be described. He set Conkbayırı under fire, both with howitzers and field artillery on the Arıburnu front, and with warships at sea. Meanwhile, I received some reports that did not describe the Conkbayırı situation as satisfactory. Apart from these reports, I personally sent the chief of the war chief and the aide to the vicinity of Conkbayırı and Şahinsırt. I had the case checked. The gravity of the situation was certain. The enemy had occupied Kocaçimen and Şahinsırt. I was seeing the attack waves in Conkbayırı from the party watching place where I was myself. Some of the officers in my headquarters were injured by the enemy bullets coming from that direction. On the other hand, the enemy had expelled soldiers from the port of Suvla and from the coasts to its south. On the one hand, he was attacking.

Until today, the Anafartalar region was subordinate to the command of the northern group. And it was administered by the northern group commander. A change in command and command was carried out that day. It was officially announced that the commander of Saros group, Miralay Feyzi Bey, took the throne in Conkbayırı and Kocaçimen, and a group was formed under the name of "Anafartalar group". I was seeing the great danger in Conkbayırı closely and was very upset. That's why I applied to the northern group commander in the following way:

It seems that the situation in Conkbayırı is still worthy of attention and gentleness. On behalf of the country, I request you to seriously call the attention of the army commander in this matter.

At this moment, there was a nervousness with the general great commanders. Army commander Liman Pş. Kazım Bey (former Samsun Governor Kazım Pasha) spoke to me on the phone by His Holiness. He asked my opinion. I said the courtesy of the situation, I said: "There is one more moment. If we consider this moment, it is very likely that we will face a disaster in general." I said that the situation has become general, that it is necessary to take into account the enemy forces that have landed and are leaving in Anafartalar, and that it is necessary to take general measures accordingly, and that there is no other choice but to have all forces under a command, and ultimately under a command, in order to unite and ensure the administration and administration.

It was after 9.50 on the night of 26-27 that the commander of the northern group, the army commander, Liman fon Sanders Pş. He conveyed the order that I was appointed as the commander of the Anafartalar group by His Excellency. In the same order, I had to act immediately and carry out the attack that was ordered to be executed on 27 July. Upon this order, I transferred the 27th regiment commander, Şefik Bey, to the 19th division commander. I took Huseyin Bey, the trooper of the party, with me.

-Why?

-I was sick because... My aide Kazım Efendi was martyred that day. I also recruited another cavalry officer named Rasim Efendi. For four months, I had been in that place, 300 meters behind the line of fire, breathing the air that was spoiled by the ecsats. That night, at eleven o'clock, I was in front of a fresh air for the first time when I came out of the dungeon in pitch-black darkness. However, it was possible to breathe this beautiful air with cruelty and ambivalence.

I was amazed at how this person worked in sleepless and stuffy places, with the smell of blood and gunpowder, the smell of carrion and corpse hitting his nose, various cracklings and rumblings in his ears, without even a small jolt in the face of the incessant attacks. I said:

- Your Highness Pasha, as I understand, you do not yet know the rank and strength of the enemy, nor our forces, which you have just been appointed to. Moreover, as you said, you are heading towards the unknown in this cruelty and ambiguity. How did you accept such a heavy responsibility?

Because in this movement, I was seeing something beyond the mental states we are trying to describe with ordinary, even extraordinary words!

-In fact, assuming such a responsibility is not a simple matter, as you have appreciated. But since I decided not to live after my homeland was destroyed, I proudly assumed this responsibility. And I immediately set off with the animal to Çamlıtekke headquarters, which is hours away. In this way, my command relationship with Arıburnu comes to an end.

Your ears should have heard that brave, reckless voice like mine in order to understand the pure and sublime effect these expressions have given to your soul. Your eyes should have seen the strong gleam in his blue eyes and read the meaning in the face of the determined soldier. Those strong sentences without the big, noisy bones that their authors point to their heroes in the drama scenes! I kept them in my memory for days. I felt an obligation towards this young man.

I asked him what kind of feelings he had towards his fellow soldiers when he left this office. During these battles, which are closely related to our destiny, I wanted to know how the whole army, from the small soldier to the great commander, considered and carried out its duties.

Here are the answers of Mustafa Kemal Pasha:

- The British commemorate and proclaim the courage, fortitude, and warlike virtues of their commanders and soldiers during the export of Arıburnu, in the battles on this front, in an extraordinary language. But imagine that our enemy, who set foot on the Arıburnu shores with great persistence and determination, fully equipped with all his combat equipment, had to stay on those shores again. Consequently, our officers and soldiers, with their patriotic and religious feelings, and especially their nationalities, have gained a place of honor by protecting the gates of the capital against such a powerful enemy. I appreciate the officers and staff of the continents, one by one. With deep and eternal reverence, I commemorate our holy martyrs who heroically sacrificed their lives for this lofty purpose.

Third Phase

  the mainfartalar

-We really tired you out. These stories got longer and longer. The cases are so many and so important that I don't know which one to skip!

-I won't get tired, sir... It is a great and sincere pleasure for me to be able to listen to an issue that is especially related to the life of the nation and convey it to all my wives.

-Very well. So we'll start as soon as we drink our coffees.

-You were leaving your place in the dark of night and going to your new civil service.

-Yes, I arrived at the group headquarters on the south side of Gümürdek slope on July 27, at 1.30 am, after having had many difficulties in finding the way due to the cruel leyl.

The offensive would begin with a fajr. I had little time. In order to benefit from everyone's information, I summoned the military staff of the military to my side. From what I understood at this moment, it was understood that the enemy's forces in the Kireçtepe, Kükürtlüpınar, Sülecik, Mestantepe lines—the number of the enemy is not known with certainty—were also located on the outskirts of Kocaçimen and Conkbayırı, and continued to export to Bones. I organized my forces accordingly. But there was no phone contact yet. I sent the orders to the necessary commanders to the divisions with one officer each. These officers would also be news and liaison officers, reporting directly to me personally. “This is one of those officers,” he pointed to his aide.

His aide-de-camp was a stocky, dark-haired young captain (deceased deputy Cevat Abbas Bey), with a small mustache, and a stern and happy look. At that moment, he was busy with sorting the documents being examined. Pasha continued:

- I gave the necessary orders for the phone call, medical care and subsistence. I myself went to the watching place on the hills north of Çamlıtepe at 4:30 am to lead the attack myself. I saw that the 12th division had started its offensive operation. I could not see the kaffe of the 7th division continents.

On July 27, 5.50 am, the 12th division was reporting that its offensive was advancing and its arrangement. Information was received from the 7th Division and that the offensive had begun. The offensive continued successfully in both divisions. Now, let's look at the reports received with the orders given for the conduct and management of the battle at various stages of that day, and let's say the result, let's say the result: One of the enemy's corps in the direction of Büyük Anafarta and a faction of the enemy in the direction of Büyük Anafarta were defeated and completely put in an unsuitable situation. I was satisfied with the success that I gained after seeing the defect of the defeated enemy to such a degree. I stopped the attack. I ordered the obtained trenches to be fortified and settled there.

-A force that you say is so strong, why was it defeated in one day?

Pasha opened the book on his desk and said:

-You can best read the answer to this in Hamilton's own report? The reason I saw that day is as follows: The enemy was advancing with various arms in a straight line. They thought that they would not encounter any presence or activity in front of them yet. That's why they were content with having a light hunter line in front of them. On the one hand, our strong and self-sacrificing hunters descended from the dominant ridges and were thrown at the heads of the aforementioned enemy arms, and on the other hand, the effective shrapnel of our artillery on the adjacent enemy arms violated the security of the enemy, the force, the spiritual and the command. The light fighter lines, which were tarred from the front, could not be reinforced from behind for this reason. The enemy, too, opted for the perfect way of turning his eyes back and fleeing. In fact, Hamilton later admitted that the commanders were not effective in the enemy corps. However, the point I regret is that Hamilton himself was not able to execute his order, even though he himself came there. Although Hamilton included, the British commanders had a lot of deliberation, a lot of hesitation in their minds, and especially the fear of responsibility, that gave us the opportunity to defeat them. As a matter of fact, I have personally seen at various times that the commanders, who are afraid of responsibility, never make the necessary decisions, and as a result, painful disasters occur. Although Hamilton included, the British commanders had a lot of deliberation, a lot of hesitation in their minds, and especially the fear of responsibility, that gave us the opportunity to defeat them. As a matter of fact, I have personally seen at various times that the commanders, who are afraid of responsibility, never make the necessary decisions, and as a result, painful disasters occur. Although Hamilton included, the British commanders had a lot of deliberation, a lot of hesitation in their minds, and especially the fear of responsibility, that gave us the opportunity to defeat them. As a matter of fact, I have personally seen at various times that the commanders, who are afraid of responsibility, never make the necessary decisions, and as a result, painful disasters occur.

The success achieved that day is the most valuable satisfaction. However, its situation did not satisfy me yet in terms of the improvement and supply of the general public and, consequently, the preservation of the capital city in a completely safe manner. Because the enemy was in a threatening position in Conkbayırı and Şahintepe thanks to the successive and self-sacrificing attacks he carried out with other important forces between Arıburnu and Azmak for three days. In fact, Hamilton considered the success of the Conkbayırı's memorandum to be successful in terms of owning the entire Kocaçimen range, and regarded this position as a pivotal operation.

Before I assumed the command for the protection of Conkbayırı and Şahintepe, I would like to acknowledge with great appreciation that our soldiers who fought there showed great heroism and self-sacrifice. However, I need to add this: These continents found themselves weakened and tired a lot. But the information that two infantry regiments would come under my command again convinced me that I could take new action without delay. At three o'clock in the afternoon on July 27, I telephoned the 8th and 9th division commanders in the Conkbayırı and Kocaçimen districts: "I will at least try to prepare a hot soup for the two infantry regiments in Conkbayırı, which I will request a great action tonight, by the troops there. It would be great if you could find the opportunity."

While I was leaving the place where I was leading the battle that day and coming to my headquarters in Çamlıktekke, Liman Pş. His Excellency's aides were coming to congratulate me from his side. He informed me that Müsharunileyhin had also come to my headquarters. I left him to move there immediately for the close contemplation and administration of the attack I had entrusted to the enemy at Conkbayırı. Müsharunileyh thought of making me avoid going into the fire himself. But otherwise, he agreed, appreciating that I could not be sure of the outcome of the action to be taken. Together with my military officer, we turned to Kocaçimen from Çamlıktekke. An aircraft of the enemy came to our picture and started to follow us. Now, as a necessity, all my accompanying delegation had to open to the right and left,

I found it necessary to continue following the path I took with Zeki Efendi, one of the cavalry reserve officers who did not leave me. I wanted to go to Conkbayırı via Kocaçimen. But since this road was taken by the British, I came under fire. Traveling from the south, I arrived at the headquarters of the ... pearl squad, located on the eastern slopes of the Chunuk ridge. After examining the internal and external conditions of the continents, I retired to the tent they had prepared for me. He had already hulûl at night. I gave the necessary orders. I was indulging in fresh forces. These forces were the two regiments I mentioned above. One of them was able to arrive very late, and the other came the next day only after the production of success. For this reason, the warlords and their commanders attracted my attention in view of the force; they had rights. But I saw success in giving determination and violence to the strength we have, rather than having a lot of power, and being able to use them as I envisioned. The time to be spent would benefit the enemy rather than us. That's why I was going to attack the image, in spite of all the negotiation. When their preparations were finished, I ordered the continents to report the Baha'i.

-Well, what kind of attack were you going to organize with this little force?

-It's quite simple!... The force standing against the enemy in Conkbayırı and Şahintepe belonged to the pearl faction. The new regiments would position themselves behind and in the immediate vicinity of this line in the collective warfare order. The movement would begin with the dawn: To dash on the enemy with a bayonet without exploding any rifles, cannons or bombs!

-So that night, our people were going to take their claws in and set up an ambush. And the English would not wake up that morning with the glare of the sun, they would be dazzled by the gleam of our bayonets. But your essence, I understand how many days you have been without sleep. Didn't you feel any tiredness?

-Of course I heard. And I was left alone in my tent so that I could at least compensate for this combat fatigue and be fit during the attack the next day. But was it possible? For many reasons, many people had to come to me. At the same time, I was getting exciting reports from various parts of the whole group front. For example, like the reports stating that the British were deploying soldiers to the port, upon seeing the empty ships that the enemy was circling in front of the Eçe port for a demonstration... This is how we spent the night.

The attack envisioned by Mustafa Kemal Pasha begins at approximately 4.30 am on July 28. In order to watch the attack, Pasha is in touch with the soldiers and commanders.

Fecir has begun, and the world has begun to light up. But Pasha saw that the moment of attack was delayed. "However, if the buteahhur was a little longer, everything would open up, our attacking continents, which were in a dense heap, would be seen as the enemy, we would be exposed to the bombardment of the land and sea by endless artillery, perhaps this would be a disaster." Isn't it a terribly exciting moment of depression? Mustafa Kemal Bey immediately said that he was preparing to flee with the commanders there, but we would not allow this. He said, "For this reason, all of you will immediately be thrown at the enemy, upon the signal I will give by waving a whip from ahead." After walking five or ten steps forward, when he gave his signal, he saw that the officers and officers were attacking the enemy with a lion's attack without hesitation. In the face of this attack, the enemy was completely crushed,

-It was after the clearing, he says, that the enemy had really turned Conkbayırı into hell. Various types of shells from the sea and land of large-scale cannons were creating endless lightning in the sky of Conkbayırı.

Captain Cevat Bey, who has been listening to our conversation calmly until this point, said in a deep, firm voice, the pasha's aide:

-One of these shrapnel marbles caressed Pasha's chest! said.

-How? I said.

Pasha was playing with his rosary. Cevat Bey, with the spurs on his shiny boots clacking, was describing the row of engagement ribbons and silk cord on the left side of his chest as follows:

-The place we were in was completely between the Muhajims. While watching our advancing people, Pasha heard that something hit his chest very hard.

-Yes, I saw a bullet hole in my jacket on the right. The officer next to me (deceased Nuri Conker) said, "Sir, you were shot." I thought about the effect that such a word would have on the morale of our soldiers, if they found it.

I covered the officer's mouth with my hand.

"Shut up" I said.

Mr. Cevat continued:

- A shell of shrapnel hit the pocket on the right side of his chest where his watch was located. The clock was in pieces. But that blow did not go further than leaving a slight stain on the pasha's chest, he said.

- That hour is a historical hour for you. I said can I see you sir?

Pasha:

- After this battle, Liman Pş. They took it as a souvenir. They gave me their watches with their family crest of nobility.

Mr. Cevat showed his watch: A black watch from the Omega brand: a crown and "LZ" brands on the back. The Pasha's broken watch was a strong student watch with the Omega brand, which he had kept since the Military Academy. Cevat Bey also showed a Zenith brand bracelet watch that was given to Mustafa Kemal Pasha by the young mulazim who was with him at the time the bullet hit him.

I was losing my mind that even the toughest enemies could not withstand a commander who went this far with his soldiers and led them.

-Well, what were your soldiers doing while you were dealing with this wound? Was he still on the offensive?

-Of course. Those heroes, with their self-sacrificing officers at their head, smothered the first enemy line up to one with their irresponsible detention. Moreover, they devastated all the enemy continents that came to their rescue. In fact, our individual parts went from the directions they found empty to the sea. I think the purpose was fulfilled. I did not envisage the law appropriately enough to attempt to completely annihilate the British who were in front of me. With the order I gave for him, I stopped the attack.

We settled in Conkbayırı and Şahintepe. In this battle, we had thousands of victims and thousands of dead to the enemy. We got many quotes. We ignored the machine guns on that front. Many were taken prisoner.

Our attack has led Sir Hamilton to some exaggerated descriptions. I realized this later, when I read your report. Look, (by opening the report and looking for a page there), it is unfortunate that he says: "We hit his soldiers with all our cannons." That's not true, I didn't even fire a pistol. Because, if I had thrown, then the attack I wanted to make in a raid style would not have been successful. In any case, the distance between his soldiers and not my soldiers, but myself and my commanders with them was only 15-20 pitches. It is well-known to the connoisseur that it will not be possible to shoot artillery at such close distances to the enemy line, especially at night… Hamilton also mentions that two of his battalions were slaughtered and destroyed in khaki. This is true. But on our 28th of July, Conkbayırı The British force we defeated with the attack we made in the 2nd Battle of Istanbul is the complete force located in the area between Arıburnu and Damakçık slope. General Kayley, whom he talked about gaining glory and honor in this square, General Baldwin, who was killed with all his cadets, and General Koper, who was dangerously wounded, where did they command, just two battalions?

The smug smile that the victorious soldier could not hold against the defeated soldier who did not tell the truth was very clear in Pasha.

"Unfortunately," he said, "I admire Sir Hamilton's skill in describing our soldier's attack. It's true! Using the terms he used, we can say that our soldiers in this battle were a disaster for the British that day. They destroyed those who tried to stand in front of them. After they had completely swept and cleared the top of the Conkbayırı Hill, they attacked the other arms, which I would say again in Hamilton's words, like swarms of bees coming out of their hive, which could hardly elude death. He says, "The details of the war, which was so unforgiving and gruesome for the British, can never be put on a sage document. The Turks were thrown to the ground one after the other. The British people, who stood against these attacks, perished where they were.

Oh, one more thing to say. Hamilton says that our soldiers are tired and exhausted in the ma'reke square. He's deceived, fool. Our soldiers did nothing but implement my order to stop with the same obedience and zeal as they did to my order to attack. It is possible to read more details of this battle in Hamilton's report. That's why we can substantiate this much. Let me just say that the Battle of Conkbayırı, which took place on July 29, is the most glorious phase of the Anafartalar alliance.

Adjutant Cevat Bey explained that our soldiers acted very vigorously and diligently in these battles, and he gave examples. One of them is that I found it important to show the strong spirit present in the soldier, who is strong and fully believes in the self-sacrifice of his powers. Our medics were resting and eating somewhere. Just then, a howitzer fell near them. The soldiers remained in the dust and smoke for a while. Then, as soon as that fog cleared, they saw that those soldiers were lying on their backs, laughing with laughter, mocking the howitzer that had not harmed them.

Pasha said: 29. 30. There are no events in large scale on 31 July, 1 and 2 August. What happens is none of your concern. Battle of August 3 (Kireçtepe): Kireçtepe Anafartalar is a very important position on the right flank of the battle front. On August 2, at 6.30 pm, the enemy attacked the right flank of the group with a force of one liva and captured some parts of Kireçtepe. However, on the same night, Kireçtepe position was reinstated with a counterattack by our continents. The enemy attacked Kireçtepe again with stronger forces on 3 August. I went to the headquarters of the division in Turşun village, behind the aforementioned front, to closely and personally take the offensive against the enemy's attack, which was understood to be very serious. On the Kireçtepe battlefield, the need for sufficient forces to gather seian had become evident. For this reason, I consented to the cem of 12 battalions until noon by citing the leprosy that can be used. The captured forces were constantly marching to the battle line. Finally, I felt the need to approach the battle line myself, along with those whose personnel were required from my cadets. From where I was, there was only one path to the battle line. This road constantly passed near the coast, and was constantly under fire from the two enemy torpedoes approaching the coast. For this reason, I saw that all the continents moving forward had stopped. I got off the stock and came to the head of the arm and to the point of obligatory tawakku. In fact, moving forward from there means making contact with the mawt. However, today these continents had to move forward. The chief of the war chief and his aides passed behind me, intermittently from each other. After that, I said "you will pass" to the commanders of the continent. Desired continents were passed by running piece by piece. As a result of this battle, the movement of the enemy was left to a standstill, and a more dominant position was taken than before.

Adjutant Cevat Bey told his friends about a soldier who served in that danger that day: The devoted young Pasha, who carried food and strength to his friends in the future, walking with perfect moderation and trust through the fire that no one could pass, awarded him right there with the badge on his aide's chest.

Pasha said: I will move from August 4th to August 6th. In fact, if you want, I will move to August 8th. From the morning on that day, August 8, it was seen that the enemy was sending troops from one side to the other and taking out some continents from the ships. However, there was calm on the front. Before noon, I went to the continents in the small Anafartalar west, and made some modifications to the assembly. When I went to the headquarters, I saw the situation more difficult. That's why I ordered over the phone the factions that I was on guard to take up arms immediately. It was at this time that it was understood that the enemy was attacking, with the increasingly faint sound of cannons. This attack was against our factions in the western part of the village, the image of Küçük Anafarta village, against Yusufçuk hill, İsmailoğlu hill and the area between Azmak and Kayacık sheepfold. The forces that could be sent to the front of the attack were the 9th squadron in the north of Turşun village, the 6th squadron in the vicinity of Sivli village, and the reserve forces of the 8th and 4th squadrons. The 9th division was first provoked. I ordered the 7th division to reinforce in the areas of Süliecek and İsmailoğlu Hill, another division to march on Küçük Anafarta, to fire the other divisions into the directions the enemy was attacking with their artillery, and to take the necessary precautions on the whole front. However, time would pass before the reservists that I had sent to the front where the enemy was attacking were able to converge. It was necessary to win that time. I also had a cavalry bow in my hand. The presence of this cavalry continent aroused a memory in me: They were the reserve forces of the th division and the 6th division and 8th and 4th divisions located around the village of Sivli. The 9th division was first provoked. I ordered the 7th division to reinforce in the areas of Süliecek and İsmailoğlu Hill, another division to march on Küçük Anafarta, to fire the other divisions into the directions the enemy was attacking with their artillery, and to take the necessary precautions on the whole front. However, time would pass before the reservists that I had sent to the front where the enemy was attacking were able to converge. It was necessary to win that time. I also had a cavalry bow in my hand. The presence of this cavalry continent aroused a memory in me: They were the reserve forces of the th division and the 6th division and 8th and 4th divisions located around the village of Sivli. The 9th division was first provoked. I ordered the 7th division to reinforce in the areas of Süliecek and İsmailoğlu Hill, another division to march on Küçük Anafarta, to fire the other divisions into the directions the enemy was attacking with their artillery, and to take the necessary precautions on the whole front. However, time would pass before the reservists that I had sent to the front where the enemy was attacking were able to converge. It was necessary to win that time. I also had a cavalry bow in my hand. The presence of this cavalry continent aroused a memory in me: I ordered the 7th division to reinforce in the areas of Süliecek and İsmailoğlu Hill, another division to march on Küçük Anafarta, to fire the other divisions into the directions the enemy was attacking with their artillery, and to take the necessary precautions on the whole front. However, time would pass before the reservists that I had sent to the front where the enemy was attacking were able to converge. It was necessary to win that time. I also had a cavalry bow in my hand. The presence of this cavalry continent aroused a memory in me: I ordered the 7th division to reinforce in the areas of Süliecek and İsmailoğlu Hill, another division to march on Küçük Anafarta, to fire the other divisions into the directions the enemy was attacking with their artillery, and to take the necessary precautions on the whole front. However, time would pass before the reservists that I had sent to the front where the enemy was attacking were able to converge. It was necessary to win that time. I also had a cavalry bow in my hand. The presence of this cavalry continent aroused a memory in me: Time would pass before the reservists that I sent to the front where the enemy was attacking could converge. It was necessary to win that time. I also had a cavalry bow in my hand. The presence of this cavalry continent aroused a memory in me: Time would pass before the reservists that I sent to the front where the enemy was attacking could converge. It was necessary to win that time. I also had a cavalry bow in my hand. The presence of this cavalry continent aroused a memory in me:

On the Seddülbahir front, the French had a cavalry troop attacking our line in front of the offensive lines of their infantry, although it was spread out. I liked the way these French cavalry rushed to their death in the face of fire. I found this gesture seriously chivalrous. They were building a curtain in front of the infantry, and nothing more, they embraced death, sacrificing themselves to protect the infantry behind them. What a plate of courage and sacrifice to portray!

Therefore, I immediately called the commander of our cavalry regiment to my side. I ordered him to detain the enemy attacking İsmailoğlu hill in the same manner. This friend of ours, who was a very valuable cavalry commander, showed all his courage on this occasion. Gave me the time I wanted. The enemy's naval and land artillery bombarded our positions on the north and south of İsmailoğlu Hill and Azmak Stream. Our trenches, which were still unfinished, were becoming uninhabitable. In particular, enemy batteries had concentrated their fire on Dragonfly Hill. The enemy was also attacking the whole front with his infantry. The first attack of the enemy on all these fronts was repelled by death, thanks to the fire fired by our artillery and infantry with perfect fortitude. By 4 p.m., 4. At 50 degrees, it was seen that the enemy force was advancing from Laletepe, which are several successive levels, up to a squadron. These enemy forces perished many times until they approached Mestantepe and Kayacıkağılı. And many times he was obliged to tawakku. Some parts of it became messy. However, the enemy force that attacked first was reinforced. And he attacked again for the second time. This time, the attack against the Dragonfly Hill was repelled. Upon the withdrawal of only one of our gendarmerie units, that area was immediately reinforced and the enemy was thrown from that point with a bayonet attack. Towards 6 o'clock, the enemy re-entered the Dragonfly Hill for the third time, with strong forces and the second cavalry squadron composed of British nobles. With the first lines reinforced by us, we threw the enemy into the attack from that hill. We have the dominion. The attacks of the enemy in the south of Azmak were also repelled. In this way, as a result of the enemy's attack with three factions, one of which was fresh, on August 8, 15 and twenty thousand casualties were incurred.

I think the aim of the enemy was to break through our front by capturing the Kayacıkağılı, İsmailoğlu and Yusufçuk hills. And within this line it would advance to the east. In fact, he made several attacks with great determination and stubbornness. Thanks to the steadfastness and self-sacrifice of our continents and their commanders and officers, the attacks of the enemy were met chest to chest, bayonet by bayonet and destroyed. Ultimately, the success remained with us.

Pasha read aloud the pages in General Hamilton's report that describe the incident that happened on the same day and said to me:

-See, he accepts this defeat. Only his difficulties, which he did not envisage, cause this defeat. However, the difficulties that I and my continents were in were certainly not less than theirs. And when Hamilton will read the Turkish soldiers in historical war, the amount of forces I used to defeat the British nobles faction, which according to his own statement he said presents "a lofty sight that makes every individual proud of himself, which is understood to be more than three factions, and not to mention a drop of English blood in his veins" , Turkish officers and commanders will probably find it superior to the majesty of this British division. I'm sure of that. Sir Hamilton says of the aforementioned members of the division: "It is very rare to find a timely combat in such a distinguished group". If we accept this as such, then it must be admitted that it is not possible to meet the members of our 34th and 64th regiments, which defeated them, in any army in the world. Only because they forbade Sir Hamilton from achieving his brilliant cause I find the British commander's statement, "The Turks were very fortunate to have saved themselves from being eaten by the second foot cavalry, who had caught themselves in their throats and had a crush," I find very vulgar. And on the other hand, I consider myself a graduate to use the following sentence. I think it is more proud for us that the members of the second Mavend pedestrian cavalry squad, who are proud of the head of England, could not stand against the clean-blooded and brave Turkish heroes. Indeed, the Turks have shown a power that is beyond human strength. It must be admitted that it is not possible to meet the members of our Third and 64th Regiments -which defeated them- in any army in the world. Only because they forbade Sir Hamilton from achieving his brilliant cause I find the British commander's statement, "The Turks were very fortunate to have saved themselves from being eaten by the second foot cavalry, who had caught themselves in their throats and had a crush," I find very vulgar. And on the other hand, I consider myself a graduate to use the following sentence. I think it is more proud for us that the members of the second Mavend pedestrian cavalry squad, who are proud of the head of England, could not stand against the clean-blooded and brave Turkish heroes. Indeed, the Turks have shown a power that is beyond human strength. It must be admitted that it is not possible to meet the members of our Third and 64th Regiments -which defeated them- in any army in the world. Only because they forbade Sir Hamilton from achieving his brilliant cause I find the British commander's statement, "The Turks were very fortunate to have saved themselves from being eaten by the second foot cavalry, who had caught themselves in their throats and had a crush," I find very vulgar. And on the other hand, I consider myself a graduate to use the following sentence. I think it is more proud for us that the members of the second Mavend pedestrian cavalry squad, who are proud of the head of England, could not stand against the clean-blooded and brave Turkish heroes. Indeed, the Turks have shown a power that is beyond human strength. It must be admitted that it is not possible to meet the members of our third regiments, which they defeated, in any army in the world. Only because they forbade Sir Hamilton from achieving his brilliant cause I find the British commander's statement, "The Turks were very fortunate to have saved themselves from being eaten by the second foot cavalry, who had caught themselves in their throats and had a crush," I find very vulgar. And on the other hand, I consider myself a graduate to use the following sentence. I think it is more proud for us that the members of the second Mavend pedestrian cavalry squad, who are proud of the head of England, could not stand against the clean-blooded and brave Turkish heroes. Indeed, the Turks have shown a power that is beyond human strength. It must be admitted that it is not possible to meet the members of our third regiments, which they defeated, in any army in the world. Only because they forbade Sir Hamilton from achieving his brilliant cause I find the British commander's statement, "The Turks were very fortunate to have saved themselves from being eaten by the second foot cavalry, who had caught themselves in their throats and had a crush," I find very vulgar. And on the other hand, I consider myself a graduate to use the following sentence. I think it is more proud for us that the members of the second Mavend pedestrian cavalry squad, who are proud of the head of England, could not stand against the clean-blooded and brave Turkish heroes. Indeed, the Turks have shown a power that is beyond human strength. I find the English commander's statement, "The Turks were very lucky to save themselves from being eaten by the second foot cavalry by sticking to their throats". And on the other hand, I consider myself a graduate to use the following sentence. I think it is more proud for us that the members of the second Mavend pedestrian cavalry squad, who are proud of the head of England, could not stand against the clean-blooded and brave Turkish heroes. Indeed, the Turks have shown a power that is beyond human strength. I find the English commander's statement, "The Turks were very lucky to save themselves from being eaten by the second foot cavalry by sticking to their throats". And on the other hand, I consider myself a graduate to use the following sentence. I think it is more proud for us that the members of the second Mavend pedestrian cavalry squad, who are proud of the head of England, could not stand against the clean-blooded and brave Turkish heroes. Indeed, the Turks have shown a power that is beyond human strength. I think it is more proud for us that the members of the second Mavend pedestrian cavalry squad, who were the pride of the leader of , could not stand against the clean-blooded and brave Turkish heroes. Indeed, the Turks have shown a power that is beyond human strength. I think it is more proud for us that the members of the second Mavend pedestrian cavalry squad, who were the pride of the leader of , could not stand against the clean-blooded and brave Turkish heroes. Indeed, the Turks have shown a power that is beyond human strength.

Now let's come to the battle of August 13. You understand that I do not need to talk about the hadith of the days from eight to fourteen.

The Battle of Kayacıkağılı on August 14: That day, the enemy took our unit on the Kayacıkağı front with heavy artillery fire and started beating our trenches there. This fire broke out completely at four o'clock in the afternoon. Ship gunners were also participating in this. Mustafa Kemal Bey decided unequivocally that the enemy was preparing an attack on that front. He gave the necessary order to the division commander there to prepare for such an attack. At the same time, he had all possible artillery fired in that direction. One of the reserve factions was also ordered to prepare. In fact, the enemy has attacked the aforementioned front.

Since Mustafa Kemal Bey could not get any clear news from the division commander there, he gives the following order over the phone:

"I am sorry to understand that there is no one there to use the forces in the future. In any case, the first lines should be condensed. In case of the enemy's attack, the reserve battalions should be approached to the first line so that the derakap will be met with bayonets. I must make sure that this is done. Please report your action immediately."

At the same time, he moved the reserve faction that he had mentioned before, to that front. He sent Pertev Bey, one of his military officers, as a news officer. The news he was receiving was unfinished. However, he was convinced that the enemy had entered our trenches.

He said, "The situation was not changing with the news given by the division commander. So much so that I was favored by this division commander. At 6.15 am I gave this order to him."

- If possible, would you please read?

-I take note of the following news: The enemy who entered our trenches was destroyed, our soldiers entered the enemy trenches. No other news is of any importance to me. This is the order I gave.

-What was the result, sir?

-There was no clarity in the reports that came after this order. In these, he demanded that I allow the movement to take place after dark. Thereupon, in a new order, I said: "It is absolutely not permissible to lose even a single moment by waiting for the enemy's attack to reach the enemy. The enemy also receives many reinforcements from the darkness. It is necessary for you to immediately destroy the enemy by acting actively. Contact with the reinforcements I have sent is possible. Please bring them closer to the rear of the line and report them to me."

There were bloody struggles on the front of this party that day and all night until the morning. As a result, the enemy was deprived of achieving his purpose. Besides, it has suffered too many casualties, which can be called a brilliant success for us.

Although the enemy attempted to attack from Mestan hill to Yusufçuk hill after midnight on 14/15, this was also eliminated with our infantry fires.

Pasha said:

-After this Kayacıkağılı battle, no serious communication took place until the end. During this long period, both we and the enemy were engaged in fortifications and arrangements. In all these battles we have described, all hopes were dashed, as the enemy suffered great losses and could not escape from remaining under our dominion over our throne. I got sick in 27 days.

-So you haven't seen your enemy, whom you shake and drive away from their goals every day, running away.

-No! Fevzi Pasha. Pleasure. I transferred (Marshal Fevzi Çakmak) to my place. I came to Istanbul.

-Where did you get the news of the escape, sir?

-I think ten days later, we heard in Istanbul that the British and the French had fled from our lands. Afterwards, I don't see the need to look for other words to explain this move of the British based on the report given by the chief of the military. I will say that they fled, they fled in the whole sense of this term. “This is a successful escape in their own way,” he said.

And he smiled.

I thanked the precious person who was tired for giving me these extracts all this time. And I shook the hand of this hero, who started his military life by being exiled from Istanbul to Jaffa, and who, like the Army of Action, was put to death in the most dangerous times of the country, such as the Tripoli and Balkan wars. I left him with a deep reverence for him, a spirit of an Istanbul child and a deep gratitude for him.

Şişli March 28 - Year 1334