THE BOOK OF GEOMETRY TERMS PREPARED BY ATATÜRK

Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Geometry, Atatürk High Council of Culture, Language and History Turkish Language Institution Publications: 905, Atatürk Series: 4, Ankara, 2008, VIII+47 pages.

In the last part of the Speech, which was written by Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk himself, “Dear Sirs, my long and detailed speech that occupied you for days is the story of an era that has finally become a thing of the past. If I have been able to point out some points in this that may provide attention and vigilance for my nation and our future children, I will consider myself lucky. Gentlemen, with this speech, I tried to explain how a great nation, whose national existence was deemed to have come to an end, gained its independence and established a national and modern state based on the latest principles of science and technology. The result we have reached today is the result of the vigilance created by the national disasters suffered for centuries and the price of the blood that has irrigated every corner of this saint homeland.

The result and example of a great determination, faith, enthusiasm, intelligence, consciousness, the seventieth anniversary of the death of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Turkish Republic, the eightieth anniversary of the letter revolution (November 3, 1928), and the seventy-fifth anniversary of the Language Day, the Geometry book written by Atatürk. We congratulate the Turkish Language Association for delivering the new edition to its readers.

On the outer cover of the first edition of the work, made by the State Printing House in Istanbul in 1937; The statement “It has been published by the Ministry of Culture as a guide for those who learn geometry and those who will write books on this subject”2 is included and the purpose of this book prepared by Atatürk is also stated.

An index of the terms Atatürk used and defined in his Geometry book was added to the end of the interior pages, which were redesigned with colorful drawings added to the last edition of the book, which was made on glossy paper seventy years after the first edition. On the outer cover of the book, which is prepared in color and hardcover, there is a black and white photograph of Atatürk's work on a notebook and the cover of the first edition of the book.

The President of the Turkish Language Association, Prof. Dr. Haluk Akalin; He states that the Turkish terms derived by Atatürk, who thought of the development, enrichment and purification of Turkish as a scientific language, not only guide those who work on this subject, but also show his love for Turkish. It is seen that this interest of Mustafa Kemal goes back to his youth, when he told the Bulgarian Turkologist Mon'lof in Thessaloniki in 1905 that it should be transferred to the Latin-based alphabet. There is an extensive study in the presentation part.

The foreword written by Agop Dilâçar, the Chief Specialist of the Turkish Language Institution in 1971, has also been added to the work. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's Geometry book, with the words of A. Dilaçar; a year and a half before his death. He wrote with his own hand in the Dolmabahçe Palace in the winter months of 1936-1937 right after the Turkish Language Congress, that Atatürk always welcomed criticism, that he gave the right to try new words and terms, that his aim was to always move towards the more appropriate and when he saw the proposed changes as justified, he immediately states its adoption. Just as the political events made him a great statesman, the cultural problems of the country made him a great educator. defines it as a personality.4

The work is under the title of "Starting Recipes"; It begins with the explanation of the three dimensions that exist in objects. Then the volume is explained. After specifying the difference between the volume and the surface, the line is defined. Explain how geometry is a science. The work consists of three parts.

In the first part; After the explanation of various lines, the definition of circle, arc, degree is given with examples under the title of circle, and the meanings of the words diameter, radius, beam, arrow, clod, and touch are explained. After the explanation of the word parallel, angle definition is made and various angles are explained with examples. Afterwards, the various situations of the straight line are discussed and straight, oblique, horizontal lines are explained with examples, the definition of angles formed from these lines and their calculations in degrees are explained with an example. Polygons defined as part of a level fenced by multiple sides; After explaining the triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons, hexagons, heptagons and octagons, the types of triangles and their angle values ​​are also explained with examples under the name of parallelogram, vertical quadrilateral, rhombus, square and trapezoidal quadrilaterals.

Second Part; dedicated to the measurement of levels. In the first part, how to calculate the area of ​​​​the geometric shapes defined is expressed in writing, and this expression is exemplified by mathematical operations. Different solutions are also shown in the operations of area calculations of some levels and an example of this is also included in the work. In addition, the ratio calculations between the perimeters and areas of symbolic figures are shown with examples.

Part Three; and under the title of solids; In addition to the explanations of cylinder, roughness, cone, pyramid and heart, how to do area and volume operations is expressed with examples given.

An index is given under the heading 'Atatürk's terms used and defined in his geometry book' in the last part of the work. It has been stated that the number of terms used and defined by Atatürk is one hundred and twenty-nine, these terms are given in alphabetical order, and the definitions of the terms are made as faithful as possible to Atatürk's style and writing. However, it was stated that only minor changes were made in the syntax so that some definitions could be given in the dictionary order.

Of course, the Turkish Language Institution was born out of a need. The rate of Arabic, Persian and French words that entered our language as a result of the disrespectful and dishonest behavior of Turkish intellectuals towards this need is almost 70%. On the opposite side of this ugly picture, an orphaned Turkish lived first in the village and then in the towns and settlements far from the center.

Atatürk took a great stride by first making the letter revolution and then the movement to return to his own sources in the Turkish language. However, when he saw that there was a mess in science and natural sciences and health science, Prof. Dr. He prepared the geometry terms booklet by presenting a work that can be understood as “the necessity of being a political genius” with Sadık TURAL's interview.

Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, a great soldier, statesman, leader and educational genius, stated in his Speech “... How a great nation, whose national existence has come to an end, gained its independence, and created a national and contemporary state based on the latest principles of science and technique. The best example of how he built it…” is the Geometry book he wrote in the last year of his life. I would like to thank those who contributed to the preparation of the work for publication and wish them success in their work.

1 Speech, ready for publication. prof. Dr. Zeynep KORKMAZ, Ankara, 2007, p.607.

2 Mustafa Kemal ATATÜRK, Geometry, Istanbul, 1937.

3 Mustafa Kemal ATATÜRK, Geometry, Ankara, 2008, sv

4 A.g.e., S.XVII.

Zeki Dilek

Source: ATATÜRK ARAŞTIRMA MERKEZİ DERGİSİ, Sayı 63, Cilt: XXI, Kasım 2005